While a penalty kick is awarded in response to a foul, a penalty shootout occurs to determine the winner of a tied match. This applies after the two periods of the match have ended, the extra time has also been played, and the match is part of a knockout round - in other words, a match that cannot end in a tie.

Typically a penalty is added as a single stroke to a golfer's score. Should a player drive their first stroke out of bounds, they must retake that stroke from the tee, with their second stroke being recorded as their third.